Immunohistochemistry CD138 (Syndecan-1) Test in UAE – 450 AED – DNA Labs UAE

Executive Summary & Core Metrics

Test Overview & Methodology

The CD138 (Syndecan-1) immunohistochemistry test is a tissue-based assay that specifically stains plasma cells and their malignant counterparts. This assay is essential for distinguishing plasma cell neoplasms such as multiple myeloma and plasmacytoma from other lymphomas, carcinomas, or reactive plasma cell proliferations. The test is performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using validated monoclonal antibody clones targeting the syndecan-1 epitope, with automated staining platforms ensuring consistent, reproducible results. Interpretation integrates CD138 positivity with morphological features, kappa/lambda light chain restriction patterns, and a panel of complementary markers including MUM1, CD38, and CD56 to achieve a definitive diagnosis.

Physician Insight & Safety Protocols

Patient FAQ & Clinical Guidance

1. What does the CD138 IHC test detect and why is it important?

The CD138 immunohistochemistry test detects syndecan-1, a transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan that is strongly expressed on the surface of normal and neoplastic plasma cells. This marker is the gold standard for confirming plasma cell lineage in tissue biopsies. A positive result, when integrated with morphology and clinical data, supports the diagnosis of multiple myeloma, plasmacytoma, or lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. The test is also used to quantify plasma cell burden in bone marrow trephine biopsies, assess minimal residual disease, and differentiate plasma cell neoplasms from B-cell lymphomas or metastatic carcinomas that may mimic plasma cell morphology.

2. How do I prepare for sample collection and what materials must I provide?

No fasting or special preparation is required on your part. For FFPE block submission, please ensure the block is clearly labelled with the patient name and unique identifier, and provide the original histopathology report along with details of the biopsy site, date of collection, and relevant clinical history. If you are submitting tissue slides, confirm that they are unstained and of adequate thickness. Our Secure Medical Courier Solid Tissue Specimen Retrieval service will collect the materials from your location using temperature-controlled packaging; simply contact our team to arrange the pickup at a time convenient for you.

3. When will my results be ready and how do I interpret the findings?

Results are delivered within 5 to 7 working days depending on tissue complexity and the number of additional markers requested. You will receive a secure digital pathology report that details CD138 positivity, staining intensity, and the percentage of positive plasma cells. A complimentary telephone consultation with a DHA-licensed clinical specialist is included to explain the findings and their diagnostic implications. We strongly recommend that you discuss the final report with your treating haematologist or oncologist, who will integrate the IHC result with your serum protein electrophoresis, immunofixation, imaging studies, and overall clinical context.

4. Can I proceed with this test if I am on medication or have a concurrent infection?

Yes, but you must inform the laboratory of any current medications, recent infections, or known autoimmune conditions at the time of sample submission. Certain medications and inflammatory states can transiently alter plasma cell distribution in the bone marrow or soft tissue, potentially affecting interpretation. The pathologist will note these factors in the report. Do not stop or modify any prescribed treatment without explicit guidance from your physician. If you have an active infection with fever, your doctor may advise deferring the biopsy until the infection resolves to avoid confounding the diagnostic picture.

5. What is the difference between CD138 IHC and serum-based tests like serum protein electrophoresis?

CD138 immunohistochemistry is a tissue-based assay that visualises plasma cells directly within their native microenvironment, providing spatial and morphological context. Serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation are blood-based tests that detect monoclonal immunoglobulins or free light chains secreted by plasma cells into the circulation. The two approaches are complementary: tissue IHC confirms the presence and lineage of the plasma cell infiltrate, while serum studies quantify the systemic burden of monoclonal protein. For a complete diagnostic workup of suspected plasma cell disorders, both tissue and serum evaluations are typically required.

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