IMMUNOSUPPRESSANT DRUG PROFILE 1 Test

Test Cost: AED 1920.0

Test Components:

• Tacrolimus
• Sirolimus

Sample Condition:

3 mL (2 mL min.) whole blood in 1 Lavender Top (EDTA) tube. Ship refrigerated. Ideal sampling time: Just before the next dose (Trough levels). Provide date & time of sampling, dose taken & time of dosing.

Report Delivery:

Sample Daily by 5 pm; Report Same day

Method:

LC-MS/MS

Test Type:

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Doctor:

Gastroenterologist, Nephrologist

Test Department:

GENETIC

Pre Test Information:

Provide date & time of sampling, dose taken & time of dosing.

Test Details:

Drug Name: Methotrexate

Drug Class: Immunosuppressant, Antimetabolite

Mechanism of Action: Methotrexate inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which is necessary for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and proteins. By interfering with these processes, methotrexate suppresses the proliferation of immune cells, particularly T cells, leading to immunosuppression.

Indications: Methotrexate is commonly used in the treatment of various autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and Crohn’s disease. It can also be used in the management of certain types of cancer, such as leukemia and lymphoma.

Dosage and Administration: Methotrexate can be taken orally, as a tablet or liquid, or administered as an injection. The dosage and frequency of administration depend on the specific condition being treated and individual patient factors. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage and administration instructions closely.

Contraindications and Precautions: Methotrexate is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to the drug, severe renal impairment, severe liver impairment, or significant bone marrow suppression. It should be used with caution in patients with pre-existing liver disease, renal impairment, or compromised immune function. Methotrexate is also contraindicated in pregnant women, as it can cause severe birth defects.

Adverse Effects: Common side effects of methotrexate include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mouth sores, hair loss, and fatigue. More serious adverse effects can occur, such as liver toxicity, bone marrow suppression, and lung inflammation. Regular monitoring of liver function and blood cell counts is essential during treatment.

Drug Interactions: Methotrexate can interact with various medications, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), penicillins, sulfonamides, and certain antibiotics. These interactions can increase the risk of methotrexate toxicity. It is important to inform the healthcare provider about all medications being taken, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.

Warnings and Precautions: Methotrexate can have toxic effects on multiple organs, particularly the liver, kidneys, and bone marrow. Regular monitoring of liver function tests, complete blood counts, and renal function is necessary to detect any potential complications. Methotrexate should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding due to the risk of birth defects and harm to the infant.

Overall, methotrexate is an effective immunosuppressant drug used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and certain types of cancer. However, close monitoring and adherence to dosage instructions are crucial to minimize the risk of adverse effects and drug interactions.