Paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors that can develop at various body sites, including the head, neck, thorax, and abdomen. Type 4 Paragangliomas are specifically associated with mutations in the SDHB (succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit B) gene. These tumors can be either benign or malignant and may produce excessive amounts of catecholamines, which are hormones that […]











